The Enlightened Histori An Article Authored By Jeffrey...

Aregai 1 The Enlightened Archaeologist – an article authored by Jeffrey Hantman and Gary Dunham chronicles Thomas Jefferson’s investigation of the Indian burial mound located on the South Fork of the Rivanna River in the 18th century. The site excavated by Jefferson, however, is no longer visible, most likely due to dissipation by inevitable natural occurrences (I.E. excessive rainfall, flooding rivers, etc.) or human activity such as farming. The â€Å"Father of American Archaeology† correctly predicts the latter in his book, Notes on the State of Virginia, in which he states, mounds â€Å"†¦put under cultivation are much reduced in their height, and spread in width, by the plough, and will probably disappear in time† (1787). Fortunately for Archaeologists of the late 20th century (1988) an Indian burial mound identical to that of the one Jefferson described in his book was uncovered just 14 miles from the South Fork of the Rivanna River. The Rapidan mound – in spite of being reduced to its southern edge, provided archaeologists’ Hantman, Dunham, and colleagues a unique, yet waning opportunity to record and excavate the quickly abrading site. What they discovered from their digging surprised them; the content and order within the mound also resembled Thomas Jefferson’s descriptive notes. However, what he noted as the random placement of

Marketing Syncra System Essay - 1332 Words

From the case Syncra Systems we can see that a delivering open and vendor-neutral collaborative application like CPFR can make a big difference in retail industry and supply chains by making them more collaborative and benefit both trading partners. Such as improve the in-stock position, decrease unnecessary storage and handling of products, as well as improve service levels and retail sales. By sharing information, a strong relationship can be built between the retailer and supplier in the process. However, some problems still need to be concerned: 1. How to attract customer more effectively to agree the value of your product? As the sales environment becomes more complex, customers today are more educated and less tolerant of sales†¦show more content†¦To successfully meet clients’ specific and changing demands, companies need to focus their efforts on developing and selling propositions driven by what clients truly value and are ready to pay for. 2. Why those companies still moved even they understood Syncra’s benefitsï ¼Å¸ Customers will continue to focus on price until a supplier demonstrates to them how their total solution is much less expensive. By offering a complete package, you increase buying efficiencies and decrease costs. All of which adds up to a higher value perception. When taking the consultative approach, think of ways to provide the customer with a greater return on their investment. Quantify for them, the savings or gains in time, money and/or additional resources. This way you position yourself as a problem solver or consultant and not just another vendor. By doing so, you will create tremendous competitive advantages. So a well-defined consultative sales strategy is to necessary help to align your offer with the customer’s perception of value. It moves the sale away from price. Process should be designed to accomplish three things:Show MoreRelatedCPFR Implementation Issues3439 Words   |  14 Pagesrespondents who were looking at CPFR said they planned to go ahead with their initiatives. However, CPFR is not the answer for all trading partners or all types of stock-keeping units (SKUs). According to Tim Paydos, a vice president of marketing at Syncra Systems, CPFR has generated the highest payback with either highly promoted or seasonal goods, whose inventories historically have often been misaligned with demand. â€Å"If I’m going to make the investment in CPFR,† notes Paydos, â€Å"I want to do it with

Crime and Punishment free essay sample

The Significance of Lazarus’s Resurrection In the Russian novel Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky, the main character, Raskalnikov goes through a vast time period of great psychological turmoil. When comparing and contrasting this death and reincarnation of his consciousness and mind to the biblical tale of Lazarus’s resurrection, the author not only highlights the extremeness of the crimes he has committed, but also touches on the importance of recognizing one’s guilt. This theme of reconciliation and religion becomes one of the central themes of the novel. Raskalnikov’s personality and behavior significantly changes right after he kills Alyona Ivanovna and her sister, Lizaveta. This event took place in total madness because the thoughts and sincerity that Raskalnikov held on to were murdered along with the woman. â€Å"But a sort of absentmindedness, even something live reverie, began gradually to take possession of him: as if he forgot himself at moments or, better, forgot the main thing and clung to trifles† (80). We will write a custom essay sample on Crime and Punishment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As Raskalnikov begins to lose more and more of his mind, the story of Lazarus’s resurrection comes into play. In theory, this is a symbol for Raskalnikov’s mind. This comparison is significant because it provides an idea of the foreshadowing involving a reincarnation of morals and convictions. This also ties into another one of the novel’s themes which is the various versions of reality. Lazarus was dying of a disease on the border between death and life, whereas Raskalnikov was balancing on the border of madness and sanity. When Lazarus physically dies, Raskalnikov’s sanity also dies; the death of his mind. In part IV, chapter IV, Raskalnikov goes to Sonya’s room and demands her to read him the passage in the bible about Lazarus. â€Å"Raskalnikov partly understood why Sonya was hesitant to read to him, and the more he understood it, the more rudely and irritably he insisted on her reading† (326). As the reading goes on, he begins to understand how this is truly making Sonya feel inside. â€Å"He read it in her eyes, understood it from her rapturous excitement†¦ She mastered herself, suppressed the spasm verse, and continued her reading of the eleventh chapter of John’s Gospel† (327). Just as Jesus resurrected Lazarus from the grave, Sonya is Raskalnikov’s Christ-like figure who attempts to pull him back into reality. She offers him the moral thoughts and sincerities that he lost after he murdered the two sisters. No matter how severe Raskalnikov’s words or actions may be, Sonya always accepts him and turns to her religion and God to save and forgive him from an eternity in Hell. She is the base for the theme of religion throughout the novel. Eventually, Raskalnivov sees that he in fact he committed a crime and the only way to be reconciled is to â€Å"seek atonement†. The central theme of religion is very present in his realization that first he must be forgiven by God, before he can be forgiven by others. By accepting his guilt, Raskalnikov can again be compared to Lazarus who accepts Christ as his redeemer. Raskalnikov’s mind is reborn once he accepts his remorse for the crime he committed just as Lazarus accepts his new life through his resurrection. Both men accept Jesus as their savior, only Raskalnikov does this through Sonya. The themes of religion and love can be tied together as Raskalnikov realizes his deep love for Sonya, his savior. This last realization confirms that eternal life comes with the love of Christ. The story ends leaving the reader unsure of the destination of Raskalnikov’s life after his confession. â€Å"It was I who killed the official’s old widow and her sister Lizaveta with an axe and robbed them† (531). However, the theme is still prevalent through the end and Dostoevsky lets it sink in until both the audience and Raskalnikov can accept all of the consequences.

Anson Law of Contract

Question: Discuss about the Anson Law of Contract. Answer: Introduction: In the present case, the issue is if the advertisement placed by Mojo Beverage is legally enforceable under the law of contract and if Ben can enforce the promise made by Mojo Beverage according to which they were going to be $100,000 to any person who caught Lord Harry, a fish that has been tagged by the company. In this case, the fish was caused by Ben but soon thereafter he came to know that there was an error in in the advertisement and in reality the prize was for $1000. In order to decide this issue, first of all it needs to be decided if this advertisement can be considered as an offer or it is just an invitation to treat. There is a significant difference present between the two. While the acceptance of the offer results in the establishment of a valid contract, the acceptance of an offer to treat does not result in a valid contract between the parties. Generally, in case of the advertisements, there is a lot of puffery or vague hyperbole. In case of most of the claims made in the advertisements on it is difficult to pin down and therefore they are not considered as contractual offers. However in the leading case of Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company (1892), this position was reversed. In this case, the defendant placed an advertisement according to which the company will pay 100 to any person who used the carbolic snowballs of the company but still contracted influenza. In order to prove the seriousness of the offer, the company had deposited 1000 in the bank. Mrs. Carlill read the offer and used the smoke ball as per the instructions but still contracted influenza. However when she made a claim for the 100 as mentioned in the advertisement, the defendant refused and said that the advertisement was not an offer that would have been accepted by the plaintiff and it only amounted to an invitation to treat. However the court rejected the arguments of the defendant and claimed that a contract has been created between the parties. Regarding the argument of the defendant that it was a contract with the world and therefore it is not possible to enter into a contract with the world, the court stated that this was not a contract with the whole world but it was an offer that was made to the whole world and the contract was created only with the persons who had fulfilled the condition mentioned in the offer (Atiyah, 1990). On the grounds of the legal position mentioned above, it is clear that in the present case also, the advertisement placed by Mojo Beverage amounts to an offer, although this offer has been made to the world at large. According to this offer, a contract will be created with the person who caught Lord Harry, a trout tagged by the company and released in the lake. This advertisement was also seen by Ben. However there are also rumors that the amount of the prize mentioned in the advertisement had been erroneously mentioned as $100,000 but in reality the amount of the prize was a $1000. These rumors were in fact true and the company intended to pay $1000. However before Ben could come to know that the actual amount of the prize was $1000, he caught the fish tagged by the company. In this case, all the requirements of a legally enforceable contract are present. The advertisement issued by Mojo Beverage can be considered as an offer and this offer was made to the world at large. However th e offer could have been accepted by any person who performed the condition, mentioned in the advertisement, namely to catch the fish tagged by the company. As in this case, this condition has been performed by Ben, a legally enforceable contract has been formed between Mojo Beverage and Ben. Therefore it can be said that Mojo Beverage owes $100,000 to Ben. In this question, the issue is in the letter sent by Dorper Sheep Sellers Pty Ltd can be considered as an offer which could have been accepted by Livestock Brokers and if it was available to Livestock Brokers to accept this offer after six months. Traditionally, the contractual agreements have been analyzed in terms of offer and acceptance. Therefore an offer is made by one party, to the other and the acceptance of the offer results in a binding contract (Beatson, Burrows and Cartwright, 2010). At the same time, the distinction that is present between an offer and invitation to treat also needs to be considered. The law provides that in order to be considered as an offer, it has to be established that the party making the offer had the intention of being bound by it (Harvey v Facey, 1893). In this case, a telegram was sent by Harvey to Facey in which it was asked, Will you sell us Bumper Hall Pen? Telegram lowest cash price, answer paid. In reply to this telegram, Facey wrote a telegram in which it was stated that the lowest price for the Bumper Hall Pen was 900. In their reply, Harvey mentioned that they were ready to buy Bumper Hall Pen at the price of 900 asked by Facey. They also asked for the title deeds so that they can get an early possession. But it was stated by the Privy Council that no contract has been created between the parties. The reason given by the court was that a direct answer had not been given by Facey regarding the first question when it was inquired if they would sell Bumper Hall Pen and therefore the lowest price that was mentioned by them in their reply was only responding to the request for information and as a result, it cannot be considered as an offer. In this way, it was stated that there was no evidence regarding an intention on the part of Facey that the reply sent by them was in fact an offer. The law contract also provides that an offer can be withdrawn by the offeree at any time before it has been accepted (Dickinson v Dodds, 1876). Similarly when no particular deadline has been mentioned to accept the offer, it is considered that the offer is no longer available after the expiry of a reasonable time. In this regard, reasonable time to accept the offer depends on the subject matter of the contract (Atiyah, 2000). In the present case, Livestock Brokers have not accepted the offer within a reasonable time. Instead of accepting the offer, they asked if the sale can be financed on the usual terms. However there was no reply to this letter by Dorper Sheep Sellers. Under these circumstances, under the circumstances, after nearly 6 months Livestock Brokers send the fax to Dorper Sheep Sellers Pty Ltd in which they stated that they have accepted the offer. But Dorper Sheep Sellers replied that they have sold their flock of sheep to another purchaser. In this case, it can be said that it has not been established that the letter written by Dorper Sheep Sellers amounted to an offer. At the same time, Livestock Brokers have not accepted the offer. Instead they wrote a letter in which they asked if they sale can be completed on the usual terms. This was not the valid acceptance of the offer. On the other hand, after nearly 6 months they decide to accept the offer and send a fax to Dorper Sheep Sellers Pty Ltd. They were informed that the flock of sheep has already been sold to another buyer. Under the circumstances, it can be said that no contract has been created between Dorper Sheep Sellers Pty Ltd and Livestock Brokers due to reason that the elements that are necessary for creating a valid contract, namely offer and acceptance was not present in this case. If it is assumed that the offer was accepted by Livestock Brokers on 14th June and they also sent the fax but as a result of a translation error, it was not received by Dorper Sheep Sellers Pty, it needs to be mentioned that the postal rule of acceptance is not applicable in case of instantaneous modes of communication. According to the postal rule of acceptance, the acceptance is considered to be completed as soon as the letter of acceptance is put in the mailbox. But in the present case, this rule is not applicable and therefore the general rule will apply which requires that in order to be effective, acceptance needs to be communicated to the party making the offer. Therefore in this case also, there is no contact between Dorper Sheep Sellers Pty and Livestock Brokers. The issue in this case is if the part payment of the debt can be treated as good consideration in return of the promised to relinquish the balance. In this regard the rule provided in Pinnel's Case (1602) is applicable. According to this rule, the part payment of a debt cannot be treated as a good consideration for the promised to forgo the rest of the amount. Consequently if A owed $50 to B and B had accepted $25 as the full satisfaction on the due date, B is not prevented later on from claiming the balance amount. The reason is that there is no consideration provided by A to support the promise made by B to accept the part payment as the full amount. The reason is that in such a case, A is already bound to pay the full amount under the contract, as was stated by the court in Stilk v Myrick (1809). At the same time, this rule also shields the creditors from the economic duress on part of the debtors. The brief facts of the Pinnel's Case are that Cole owed 8.50 to Pinnel at this money was due on 11 November. At the demand of Pinnel, 5.11 was paid by Cole on 1st October that was accepted by Pinnel as the complete satisfaction of the dues. But afterwards, Pinnel sued Cole for the rest of the amount. Therefore in this case, the court came to the conclusion that the part payment in itself was not consideration. Although the court also stated that the agreement to accept the part payment will be considered as binding is the debtor has provided some fresh consideration, at creditors demand. Therefore, according to the law contract, consideration may be supplied if the creditor had agreed to accept (i) part payment on an earlier date instead of the due date; (ii) chattel instead of money or part payment at a different place instead of the originally specified place (Collins, 2003). Although the role provided in Pinnel's case is considered a somewhat harsh but still it represents the law that is applicable at present. Another case that is applicable to the facts of the present case is that of Foakes v Beer (1884). In this case, Mrs. Beers had obtained a judgment against Dr. Foakes regarding a debt and Dr. Foakes afterwards requested for some time to pay the debt. Mrs. Beer agreed that she will not take any further action if Dr. Foakes immediately paid 500 and the balance in installments of 150. The agreement was duly followed by Foakes. However the judgment debts also carry interest. In this regard, it was stated by the House of Lords that in this case Mrs. Beer can recov er 360 as interest on the amount. The promise made by Mrs. Beer, not to take any further action, has not been bought by Foakes. Therefore the court stated that the consideration has been provided in this case. In the present question also, the promise made by Westphalia Marts Pty Ltd to accept a reduced rental of $700 per week was not supported by any consideration provided by Stuart. As a result in this case, they can ask to work to pay the shortfall of $300 per week as well as the full payment of $1000 per week rent in future. The advice was to it is that the promise made by Westphalia Marts is not really enforceable due to the lack of consideration to support the promise made by them. References Atiyah, P.S. (1990) Essays on Contract, Oxford University Press, New York Atiyah, P.S. (2000) An Introduction to the Law of Contract, Clarendon Beatson, J. Burrows A. and Cartwright, J. (2010) Anson's Law of Contract, 29th edn OUP Collins, H. (2003) Contract Law in Context 4th edn CUP Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company [1892] EWCA Civ 1 Harvey v Facey [1893] UKPC 1 Foakes v Beer (1884) 9 App Cas 605 Stilk v Myrick [1809] EWHC KB J58 Pinnel's Case (1602) 5 CoRep 117a Dickinson v Dodds (1876) 2 Ch. D. 463

Ralph Polo Lauren Case Essay Example

Ralph Polo Lauren Case Paper - Polo Ralph Lauren Case - 1. Polo Ralph Lauren is an American apparel company that was founded in the 1970’s. When it was founded it had three branches in the apparel business: design and development, manufacturer management, and inventory/stock handling. Because they did not want to own factories, they outsourced the garment manufacturing to Luen Thai, an apparel manufacturing company in China. Luen Thai got their fabric supply from the textile firm Ruentex in Taiwan. Not only was Luen Thai responsible for garment manufacturing, they were also in charge of product quality, making sure the deliveries were on time to Polo, and managing Advanced Shipment Notices, which ensured that information about the products (such as SKU numbers, carton and pallet numbers, and quantity) was sent to Polo ahead of the product shipment. A third party logistics operator was used to deliver the products to Polo’s warehouses in the United States where the inventory was then organized for distribution. Polo’s warehouses then delivered the goods to the different retail outlets. Originally, Polo’s supply chain was set up to take advantage of the participating companies’ competencies. Because Ruentex and Luen Thai are located in areas of the world that have less expensive labor, the textile and apparel manufacturing were done there. Polo Ralph Lauren did the designing because it is a more complex process and involves a lot of technical specifications. Polo Ralph Lauren is also located in the United States which is the country that buys the final product, so the designers there knew better what kinds of designs would sell. This kind of supply chain worked well for Polo Ralph Lauren in the past. There were lags in information sharing which caused inventory buildups, stock outs, and less efficient logistics, but overall Ralph Lauren was able to be competitive. - In 2005, however textile quotas were going to be lifted, which would change the whole competitive environment of the apparel industry. Polo Ralph We will write a custom essay sample on Ralph Polo Lauren Case specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ralph Polo Lauren Case specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ralph Polo Lauren Case specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Lauren needed to look at their supply chain structure to see how they could make it more efficient and therefore more competitive. - 2. Using the Exhibit 1 as an example, we can see a model for the Polo’s supply chain. Each step in the supply chain operation as a whole can be understood as a unit in a big international organism. With that in mind, the bottleneck concept can be applied and we can understand that each of those steps, if improved, will not affect the whole organism unless it is a bottleneck. If you improve the bottleneck your process will be improved, otherwise no sensible change will be observed. The big challenge managing supply chain, in this case, will be identifying which step is really the bottleneck in your chain. Polo must know well its process to define where is the real bottleneck among the material provider (Ruentex), the manufacturing activity (Luen Thai), the 3PL operator, or the warehouses (Polo). - 3. Sharing information will be the most important tool in the process of improving Polos’ supply chain. A better management can be achieved through a real time information system, which will help to identify more easily where the bottlenecks are. On the same side, all â€Å"work-in-process† generated for the system and the entire inventory can be managed more precisely as well. On the other side, sharing information can be dangerous when expose its business competitive advantages and strategies. In this scenario, the middle of the chain to the end looks to be the ones that will benefit the most from information sharing in face of the new strategies adopted to create efficiencies. Having opted for being ahead on fashion trends, this differentiation associated with the need of minimum stock and time management, makes real-time information a crucial asset to Polo. So, the end of the supply chain will be the most affected if a non-controlled system starts to generate undesirable levels of inventory. - 4. The Ruentex supplies good quality raw materials to Luen Thai, which produces the final goods according to the design elaborated for Polo. A 3PL operator will deliver the goods to Polo’s warehouses and then the products are delivered for the different retail outlets. The main change that could be highlighted in this process is the transfer of design activity to Luen Thai. Once transit of information is a major factor of reducing efficiency in that supply chain, reducing the need of intensive communication during the design process could be a plus. But it has a cost. To design is not an area of expertise for Luen Thai, so some risk is attached to the learning curve associated to that transfer of activity/know-how from Polo to them.

Argument Analysis Essay Template

Argument Analysis Essay TemplateAn argument analysis essay is a template that you could use to teach yourself what to look for in an argument. With this skill, you can begin to make arguments from your points and determine if they are valid or not. This makes your writing more accurate and helps make the information better. The more you write and use this skill, the better you will become.An argument analysis essay can be used for classroom purposes as well as for personal purposes. There are many different types of essays that could be used for each. One of these is the general essay. Students will write a general essay to help them understand the concept and structure of the class. If you use the argument analysis template, you could customize the argument to fit into the essay.With a general essay, students will present information about the class and its topics. The most common approach to this type of essay is to include sample assumptions about how the class could work. Student s then build on these points by using their own opinions and arguments. This will help them make the entire piece of information sound more solid and useful.Students will also write about arguments and cases in the general essay. If they do not know how to write these, they will be given examples by the instructor and will learn how to write by listening to the professor. They will also have to research the topic in order to bring the information to life in the essay.The other type of essay that can be used is one that explores the student's major area of interest. For example, if the student is studying neuroscience, they may want to write an essay on brain scans. These areas of research are considered important by the professors in order to give the students a better understanding of the subject.Another form of essay that is usually done is a specific argument. Students who are on the debate team could take a test or just write an essay about how the subject of debate could change . As the topic is debated over again, students will become more familiar with the topic. By writing about the subject time again, they will gain knowledge and understanding about it.With the arguments and examples of argument analysis essay templates, you can tailor the material and deliver a better presentation. Students can still have their own opinion when writing an essay, but it should not be the only thing they write about. The information is important, but it should not be the only thing on the page. That way, the information that is presented in the essay is more valuable and interesting.Using an argument analysis essay can help you better understand your topic and the information that you want to present to the class. It is a good way to see how information is structured and what the general pattern of the topic is. Use this skill with other templates to better guide your own topic analysis.

ESL Conversation Lesson Points of View

ESL Conversation Lesson Points of View Points of view is an intermediate to advanced level discussion lesson that asks students to rate their opinions from one to ten (1 - strongly agree/10 - strongly disagree) on a number of controversial issues. The worksheet can be used in a number of ways, and for a number of purposes during any course. Below is a suggestion for integrating this discussion plan into your lesson. Aim: Helping students express their opinions and explain their reasoningActivity: A classroom survey on a number of controversial subjects.Level: Intermediate to advanced Outline Points of View Discussion Distribute Points of View sheet. Ask students to rate their opinions from one to ten: 1 - strongly agree/10 - strongly disagree.Divide students into small groups and ask them to discuss their responses to the statements.Listen in on the various groups and take notes on common language mistakes while students are presenting their various points of view.At the end of the group discussions, write a number of the most common mistakes on the board and ask other students to correct the mistakes.Make sure to suggest standard formulas for stating ones opinion if these formulas do not come up during the correction process (i.e. in my opinion, Do you really think that, As far as Im concerned, etc.)As a class, go through each point asking for someone who (relatively) strongly agrees to explain his or her point of view. Do the same for someone who (relatively) strongly disagrees with the statement.As a follow-up activity, ask students to write a short composition on one of the statements. Points of View Worksheet Rate your opinion from one to ten on the following statements. 1 strongly agree/10 strongly disagree Making mistakes in English is OK as long as people understand you.My friends should come from the same social background as I do.It is impossible to have a happy family life and a successful career.War is not an option for solving international disputes.Multinational global corporations are to blame for most problems in the world today.Women will never be equal to men in the workplace.Marriage is outdated. There is no need for state or church approval or recognition of a partnership.Gay marriage is wrong.The death penalty is acceptable in some cases.Celebrities earn too much money.Foreigners should not be allowed to vote.The government is responsible for making sure that all citizens of a country have at least a minimum living wage job.Quality of life will greatly improve in the future.Teachers give too much homework.Military service should be obligatory.